The United States entered 2006 with the Iraq War in its fourth year and President George W. Bush's approval ratings under pressure. A dispute over immigration policy brought millions of people into streets across the country during the spring. In November, voters shifted control of both chambers of Congress to the Democratic Party, ending 12 years of Republican control of the House. Nancy Pelosi was positioned to become the first woman elected speaker when the new Congress convened in January 2007.
The internet was becoming faster, more participatory and more personal. Jack Dorsey sent the first message on a service then called twttr on March 21, while Facebook opened registration beyond schools and workplaces in September. Google agreed to buy YouTube for $1.65 billion in stock in October, only about 20 months after the video site was founded. Nintendo released the motion-controlled Wii in North America on November 19, pairing it with Wii Sports and reaching families beyond the usual console audience.
Science supplied one of the year's most argued-over definitions. On August 24, the International Astronomical Union adopted a formal definition of a planet and placed Pluto in the new dwarf-planet category, leaving eight planets in the solar system. NASA's New Horizons spacecraft had launched toward Pluto in January and continued its nine-year journey. In sports, Pittsburgh won its fifth Super Bowl, Miami earned its first NBA championship, and St. Louis defeated Detroit in the World Series.
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