Americans spent 2002 living with the aftermath of September 11 and bracing for what might come next. Security shaped public life, from the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics in February, the first Games held after the attacks, to the Department of Homeland Security, which President George W. Bush signed into existence in November. In October, Congress authorized the use of military force against Iraq, and for three weeks that month a pair of snipers terrorized the Washington, D.C., area, killing 10 people.
Business news was dominated by accounting scandals. Months after Enron's collapse, WorldCom disclosed billions of dollars in improperly booked expenses and filed for bankruptcy on July 21 with about $107 billion in assets, the largest in US history at the time. Nine days later Bush signed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which put auditors under a federal overseer and made executives certify their books. Time magazine closed the year by naming three whistleblowers, from WorldCom, Enron and the FBI, its Persons of the Year. Abroad, euro notes and coins replaced the currencies of 12 European countries on New Year's Day.
Popular culture offered relief. Spider-Man became the first movie to earn more than $100 million in its opening weekend, Halle Berry and Denzel Washington made Academy Awards history in March, and a summer talent show called American Idol turned Kelly Clarkson into a star. In July, all nine miners trapped in the flooded Quecreek Mine in Pennsylvania were pulled out alive. In sports, the New England Patriots won their first Super Bowl on a last-second field goal, the Los Angeles Lakers swept to a third straight NBA title, and the Anaheim Angels won the franchise's first World Series in seven games.
Gold dots on the calendar above mark these dates. Articles are researched from primary and authoritative sources listed on each page.